Attributes of Papilio polyxenes

Black Swallowtail
Papilio polyxenes Fabricius, 1775

Family: Papilionidae
Subfamily: Papilioninae
Identification: Upper surface of wings mostly black; on inner edge of hindwing is a black spot centered in larger orange spot. Male has yellow band near edge of wings; female has row of yellow spots. Female hindwing with iridescent blue band. In the Southwest, yellow forms predominate in the subspecies P. coloro.
Wing Span: 3 1/4 - 4 1/4 inches (8 - 11 cm).
Life History: Males perch and patrol for receptive females. Female lays eggs singly on leaves and flowers of the host, which are then eaten by hatching larvae. Hibernates as a chrysalis.
Flight: One-2 flights from April-October in northern regions of range; 3 flights in southern regions.
Caterpillar Hosts: Leaves of plants in the parsley family (Apiaceae) including Queen Anne's Lace, carrot, celery and dill. Sometimes plants in the citrus family (Rutaceae) are preferred.
Adult Food: Nectar from flowers including red clover, milkweed, and thistles.
Habitat: A variety of open areas including fields, suburbs, marshes, deserts, and roadsides.
Range: Most of the eastern U.S., north into Quebec, west into s. Saskatchewan, Colorado and se. California; south to n. South America. Subspecies coloro in desert Southwest.
Conservation: Not usually of concern.
NCGR: G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery.
Management Needs: Maintain open fields in East.
Taxonomy Notes:

Images of Papilio polyxenes

Click on an image to view full size and to see additional details.


Papilio polyxenes - Papilio-polyxenes-Bob-Moul-493.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - Papilio-polyxenes-Bob-Moul-493.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - Papilio-polyxenes-Bob-Moul-494.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - Papilio-polyxenes-Bob-Moul-494.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - Papilio-polyxenes-Bob-Moul-495.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - Papilio-polyxenes-Bob-Moul-495.jpg






Papilio polyxenes - BlackSwallowtail_small.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - BlackSwallowtail_small.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - BlackSwallowtailEgg2_small.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - BlackSwallowtailEgg2_small.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - BlackSwallowtailEgg_small.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - BlackSwallowtailEgg_small.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - Black_Swallowtail-maleCrop.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - Black_Swallowtail-maleCrop.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - papilio_coloro_egg_raisingbutterflies.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - papilio_coloro_egg_raisingbutterflies.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - papilio_coloro_caterpillar1_raisingbutterflies.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - papilio_coloro_caterpillar1_raisingbutterflies.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - papilio_coloro_caterpillar2_raisingbutterflies.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - papilio_coloro_caterpillar2_raisingbutterflies.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - papilio_coloro_caterpillar4_raisingbutterflies.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - papilio_coloro_caterpillar4_raisingbutterflies.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - papilio_coloro_caterpillar5_raisingbutterflies.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - papilio_coloro_caterpillar5_raisingbutterflies.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - papilio_coloro_caterpillar_prepupa_raisingbutterflies.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - papilio_coloro_caterpillar_prepupa_raisingbutterflies.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - papilio_coloro_pupa_raisingbutterflies.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - papilio_coloro_pupa_raisingbutterflies.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - papilio_polyxenes_asterius_caterpillar3_raisingbutterflies.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - papilio_polyxenes_asterius_caterpillar3_raisingbutterflies.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - papilio_polyxenes_asterius_caterpillar4_raisingbutterflies.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - papilio_polyxenes_asterius_caterpillar4_raisingbutterflies.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - Papilio_polyxenesKsGrantJuly2_07CarolAdams-crop-fm.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - Papilio_polyxenesKsGrantJuly2_07CarolAdams-crop-fm.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - Papilio_polyxenesKsGrantJuly2_07CarolAdams-crop.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - Papilio_polyxenesKsGrantJuly2_07CarolAdams-crop.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - Papilio_polyxenesKsGrantJuly2_07CarolAdams-crop1.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - Papilio_polyxenesKsGrantJuly2_07CarolAdams-crop1.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - Papilio_polyxenesKsGrantJuly2_07CarolAdams-cropm.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - Papilio_polyxenesKsGrantJuly2_07CarolAdams-cropm.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - Papilio_polyxenesKsGrantJuly2_07CarolAdams-crop-mating.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - Papilio_polyxenesKsGrantJuly2_07CarolAdams-crop-mating.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - BlackSwallowtail-Simons.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - BlackSwallowtail-Simons.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - Papilio_polyxenes.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - Papilio_polyxenes.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - Papilio_polyxenes2.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - Papilio_polyxenes2.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - Papilio_polyxenes3.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - Papilio_polyxenes3.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - Papilio_polyxenes4.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - Papilio_polyxenes4.jpg
Papilio polyxenes - Papilio_polyxenes5.jpg

Papilio polyxenes - Papilio_polyxenes5.jpg

The map below displays all verified sighting records in the BAMONA database for this species. Each record is indicated with a yellow dot. The orange dots on the map provide access to information about the 200 most recently verified sightings of this species. In some instances, there are several records at the same location. Use the table view to access these records.

Instructions: Click on the map and move your mouse to pan.
Zoom by using the plus [+] and minus [-] on the left side of the map.
To change which map layers are displayed, click on the plus sign [+] on the right side of the map.

The fifty most recently verified sightings are below. See more recently verified sightings of all species.

Observation Date Submitter Region Verified Datesort icon
May 10, 2012 rcabrasley Okaloosa County, Florida, United States May 14, 2012 Details
May 05, 2012 jftrahan St Martin Parish, Louisiana, United States May 14, 2012 Details
May 12, 2012 kiki Hillsborough County, Florida, United States May 14, 2012 Details
August 06, 2011 Rick Henle Carroll County, New Hampshire, United States May 13, 2012 Details
May 12, 2012 Mary M Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States May 13, 2012 Details
May 05, 2012 jasers Wake County, North Carolina, United States May 07, 2012 Details
May 14, 2011 cobal2913 Fairfield County, Ohio, United States May 07, 2012 Details
May 18, 2011 cobal2913 Franklin County, Ohio, United States May 07, 2012 Details
April 29, 2012 Cheryl Jennings Jefferson County, West Virginia, United States April 30, 2012 Details
April 28, 2012 Natalie P. Peoria County, Illinois, United States April 29, 2012 Details
April 25, 2012 Blue Beauty Ontario, Canada April 28, 2012 Details
April 25, 2012 Blue Beauty Ontario, Canada April 28, 2012 Details
April 17, 2012 Molanic Du Page County, Illinois, United States April 18, 2012 Details
January 23, 2012 Stu Hoar Brown County, Wisconsin, United States April 15, 2012 Details
August 13, 2011 Chip Krilowicz Hudson County, New Jersey, United States April 15, 2012 Details
April 12, 2012 Nancy Weiss Albemarle County, Virginia, United States April 15, 2012 Details
April 11, 2012 John van Dort Francisco Morazán, Honduras April 15, 2012 Details
April 07, 2012 Cheryl Jennings Hampshire County, West Virginia, United States April 11, 2012 Details
June 29, 2007 Jessica Womack Fannin County, Texas, United States April 02, 2012 Details
March 27, 2012 George Sims Douglas County, Missouri, United States March 30, 2012 Details
March 21, 2012 KarenL Maury County, Tennessee, United States March 29, 2012 Details
March 13, 2012 George Sims Douglas County, Missouri, United States March 17, 2012 Details
January 27, 2012 floridagebert Brevard County, Florida, United States February 27, 2012 Details
September 20, 2011 Rhonda Broadway Sarasota County, Florida, United States January 22, 2012 Details
July 04, 2011 gailadams Garland County, Arkansas, United States January 03, 2012 Details
August 23, 2011 transam21 Washington County, Minnesota, United States December 31, 2011 Details
September 27, 2011 mrsfoster301 Suffolk County, Massachusetts, United States December 24, 2011 Details
November 14, 2011 mimijoyce Virginia, Virginia Beach County, United States December 24, 2011 Details
August 27, 2011 Kyle Jones Windsor County, Vermont, United States December 23, 2011 Details
September 12, 2011 Kyle Jones Windsor County, Vermont, United States December 12, 2011 Details
September 15, 2011 Ejaramil Polk County, Iowa, United States December 10, 2011 Details
October 31, 2011 jburgie Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States December 10, 2011 Details
September 14, 2011 rfalkenburg Fayette County, Kentucky, United States November 20, 2011 Details
September 17, 2011 guy_incognito Cook County, Illinois, United States November 14, 2011 Details
September 28, 2011 George Sims Douglas County, Missouri, United States October 28, 2011 Details
October 04, 2011 rjcohrs Hancock County, Indiana, United States October 22, 2011 Details
September 04, 2011 marquy Wayne County, Michigan, United States October 17, 2011 Details
September 16, 2011 Suziesmiles Ionia County, Michigan, United States October 17, 2011 Details
September 27, 2011 KarenL Williamson County, Tennessee, United States October 05, 2011 Details
May 13, 2011 Joe Schelling--entered by M ODonnell Sandoval County, New Mexico, United States September 26, 2011 Details
September 01, 2011 amykat Henrico County, Virginia, United States September 21, 2011 Details
September 12, 2011 amykat Henrico County, Virginia, United States September 21, 2011 Details
April 28, 2011 rseidler Cameron Parish, Louisiana, United States September 19, 2011 Details
September 09, 2011 rconnorsphoto Humphreys County, Tennessee, United States September 16, 2011 Details
June 25, 2011 sara0401 Coffey County, Kansas, United States September 14, 2011 Details
September 13, 2011 Jane Welch-Maiolo Lucas County, Ohio, United States September 14, 2011 Details
July 23, 2010 jwunder3 Orange County, Florida, United States September 11, 2011 Details
September 05, 2011 cabinndawoods Boone County, Missouri, United States September 11, 2011 Details
September 07, 2011 jim8435wisc Calumet County, Wisconsin, United States September 10, 2011 Details
August 21, 2011 shepherdsong Tuscarawas County, Ohio, United States September 10, 2011 Details