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Taxonomic Groups
Family: Brush-footed Butterflies (Nymphalidae)
Family Description: The Nymphalidae are members of the Superfamily Papilionoidea, the true butterflies. Distributed worldwide, butterflies of this family are especially rich in the tropics. They are highly variable, and there are more species in this family than in any other. Adults vary in size from small to large, and their front legs are reduced, unable to be used for walking. Wing shape is also highly variable: some species have irregular margins (anglewings and commas), and others have long taillike projections (daggerwings). Browns, oranges, yellows, and blacks are frequent colors, while iridescent colors such as purples and blues are rare. Adults of some groups are the longest-lived butterflies, surviving 6-11 months. Adult feeding behavior depends on the species, where some groups primarily seek flower nectar while others only feed on sap flows, rotting fruit, dung, or animal carcasses. Males exhibit perching and patrolling behaviors when seeking mates. Egg-laying varies widely, as some species lay eggs in clustsers, others in columns, and others singly. Caterpillar appearance and behavior vary widely. Brushfoots overwinter as larvae or adults.Sort method:
 Cotytto Clearwing (Pteronymia cotytto) |
| Whitened Bluewing (Myscelia cyaniris) |
| Small-eyed Sailor (Dynamine artemesia) |
| Mexican Sailor (Dynamine postverta) |
Snouts
(Libytheinae) American Snout (Libytheana carinenta) |
Milkweed Butterflies
(Danainae)| Monarch (Danaus plexippus) |
| Queen (Danaus gilippus) |
| Soldier (Danaus eresimus) |
| Tiger Mimic-Queen (Lycorea halia) |
| Klug's Clearwing (Dircenna klugii) |
Clearwing Butterflies
(Ithomiinae)| Greta morgane (Greta morgane) |
Longwings
(Heliconiinae)| Heliocheilus lupatus (Heliocheilus lupatus) |
| Scarce Bamboo Page (Philaethria dido) |
| Mexican Silverspot (Dione moneta) |
| Juno Longwing (Dione juno) |
| Gulf Fritillary (Agraulis vanillae) |
| Julia Heliconian (Dryas iulia) |
| Banded Orange Heliconian (Dryadula phaetusa) |
| Isabella's Heliconian (Eueides isabella) |
| Zebra Heliconian (Heliconius charithonia) |
| Erato Heliconian (Heliconius erato) |
| Variegated Fritillary (Euptoieta claudia) |
| Mexican Fritillary (Euptoieta hegesia) |
| Diana (Speyeria diana) |
| Great Spangled Fritillary (Speyeria cybele) |
| Aphrodite Fritillary (Speyeria aphrodite) |
| Regal Fritillary (Speyeria idalia) |
| Nokomis Fritillary (Speyeria nokomis) |
| Edwards' Fritillary (Speyeria edwardsii) |
| Coronis Fritillary (Speyeria coronis) |
| Zerene Fritillary (Speyeria zerene) |
| Carol's Fritillary (Speyeria carolae) |
| Callippe Fritillary (Speyeria callippe) |
| Great Basin Fritillary (Speyeria egleis) |
| Unsilvered Fritillary (Speyeria adiaste) |
| Atlantis Fritillary (Speyeria atlantis) |
| Northwestern Fritillary (Speyeria hesperis) |
| Hydaspe Fritillary (Speyeria hydaspe) |
| Mormon Fritillary (Speyeria mormonia) |
| Mountain Fritillary (Boloria alaskensis) |
| Bog Fritillary (Boloria eunomia) |
| Silver-bordered Fritillary (Boloria selene) |
| Meadow Fritillary (Boloria bellona) |
| Frigga Fritillary (Boloria frigga) |
| Dingy Fritillary (Boloria improba) |
| Relict Fritillary (Boloria kriemhild) |
| Pacific Fritillary (Boloria epithore) |
| Polaris Fritillary (Boloria polaris) |
| Freija Fritillary (Boloria freija) |
| Cryptic Fritillary (Boloria natazhati) |
| Alberta Fritillary (Boloria alberta) |
| Astarte Fritillary (Boloria astarte) |
| Arctic Fritillary (Boloria chariclea) |
True Brushfoots
(Nymphalinae)| Black Patch (Chlosyne melanarge) |
| Dotted Checkerspot (Poladryas minuta) |
| Arachne Checkerspot (Poladryas arachne) |
| Theona Checkerspot (Chlosyne theona) |
| Black Checkerspot (Chlosyne cyneas) |
| Fulvia Checkerspot (Chlosyne fulvia) |
| Leanira Checkerspot (Chlosyne leanira) |
| California Patch (Chlosyne californica) |
| Bordered Patch (Chlosyne lacinia) |
| Definite Patch (Chlosyne definita) |
| Banded Patch (Chlosyne endeis) |
| Eumeda (Medial) Patch (Chlosyne eumeda) |
| Red-spotted Patch (Chlosyne melitaeoides) |
| Crimson Patch (Chlosyne janais) |
| Simple Checkerspot (Chlosyne hippodrome) |
| Rosita Patch (Chlosyne rosita) |
| Marina Patch (Chlosyne marina) |
| Gorgone Checkerspot (Chlosyne gorgone) |
| Silvery Checkerspot (Chlosyne nycteis) |
| Harris' Checkerspot (Chlosyne harrisii) |
| Northern Checkerspot (Chlosyne palla) |
| Gabb's Checkerspot (Chlosyne gabbii) |
| Sagebrush Checkerspot (Chlosyne acastus) |
| Rockslide Checkerspot (Chlosyne whitneyi) |
| Hoffmann's Checkerspot (Chlosyne hoffmanni) |
| White-rayed Patch (Chlosyne ehrenbergi) |
| Elf (Microtia elva) |
| Tiny Checkerspot (Dymasia dymas) |
| Elada Checkerspot (Texola elada) |
| Longwing Crescent (Eresia phillyra) |
| Gray-based Crescent (Castilia griseobasalis) |
| Mayan Crescent (Castilia myia) |
| Graphic Crescent (Phyciodes graphica) |
| Painted Crescent (Phyciodes picta) |
| California Crescent (Phyciodes orseis) |
| Pale Crescent (Phyciodes pallida) |
| Mylitta Crescent (Phyciodes mylitta) |
| Phaon Crescent (Phyciodes phaon) |
| Mexican Crescent (Phyciodes pallescens) |
| Pearl Crescent (Phyciodes tharos) |
| Northern Crescent (Phyciodes cocyta) |
| Mimic Crescent (Phyciodes incognitus) |
| Tawny Crescent (Phyciodes batesii) |
| Field Crescent (Phyciodes pulchella) |
| Cuban Crescent (Anthanassa frisia) |
| Tulcis Crescent (Anthanassa tulcis) |
| Texan Crescent (Anthanassa texana) |
| Black Crescent (Anthanassa ptolyca) |
| Chestnut Crescent (Anthanassa argentea) |
| Brown Crescent (Anthanassa atronia) |
| Orange-patched Crescent (Anthanassa drusilla) |
| Montane Crescent (Anthanassa sitalces) |
| Black-bordered Crescent (Tegosa anieta) |
| Gillette's Checkerspot (Euphydryas gillettii) |
| Baltimore (Euphydryas phaeton) |
| Edith's Checkerspot (Euphydryas editha) |
| Chalcedon Checkerspot (Euphydryas chalcedona) |
| Anicia Checkerspot (Euphydryas anicia) |
| Colon Checkerspot (Euphydryas colon) |
| Mimic (Hypolimnas misippus) |
| Common Buckeye (Junonia coenia) |
| Mangrove Buckeye (Junonia genoveva) |
| Tropical Buckeye (Junonia evarete) |
| White Peacock (Anartia jatrophae) |
| Banded Peacock (Anartia fatima) |
| Caribbean Peacock (Anartia chrysopelea) |
| Godart's Peacock (Anartia lytrea) |
| Malachite (Siproeta stelenes) |
| Rusty-tipped Page (Siproeta epaphus) |
| Question Mark (Polygonia interrogationis) |
| Eastern Comma (Polygonia comma) |
| Satyr Comma (Polygonia satyrus) |
| Green Comma (Polygonia faunus) |
| Zephyr Comma (Polygonia zephyrus) |
| Hoary Comma (Polygonia gracilis) |
| Gray Comma (Polygonia progne) |
| Oreas Comma (Polygonia oreas) |
| Milbert's Tortoiseshell (Aglais milberti) |
| Small Tortoiseshell (Aglais urticae) |
| Compton Tortoiseshell (Nymphalis vaualbum) |
| Mourning Cloak (Nymphalis antiopa) |
| California Tortoiseshell (Nymphalis californica) |
| Red Admiral (Vanessa atalanta) |
| Painted Lady (Vanessa cardui) |
| West Coast Lady (Vanessa annabella) |
| American Lady (Vanessa virginiensis) |
| European Peacock (Inachis io) |
| Orange Mapwing (Hypanartia lethe) |
Admirals and Relatives
(Limenitidinae)| Orion (Historis odius) |
| Tailed Cecropian (Historis acheronta) |
| Blomfild's Beauty (Smyrna blomfildia) |
| Karwinski's Beauty (Smyrna karwinskii) |
| Red-spotted Purple or White Admiral (Limenitis arthemis) |
| 'Astyanax' Red-spotted Purple (Limenitis arthemis astyanax) |
| White Admiral (Limenitis arthemis arthemis) |
| Arizona Red-spotted Purple (Limenitis arthemis arizonensis) |
| Viceroy (Limenitis archippus) |
| Lorquin's Admiral (Limenitis lorquini) |
| Weidemeyer's Admiral (Limenitis weidemeyerii) |
| Bredow's Sister (Adelpha bredowii) |
| Arizona Sister (Adelpha eulalia) |
| Adelpha californica (Adelpha californica) |
| Band-celled Sister (Adelpha fessonia) |
| Spot-celled Sister (Adelpha basiloides) |
| Many-banded Daggerwing (Marpesia chiron) |
| Ruddy Daggerwing (Marpesia petreus) |
| Antillean Daggerwing (Marpesia eleuchea) |
| Waiter Daggerwing (Marpesia zerynthia) |
| Red Rim (Biblis hyperia) |
| Common Mestra (Mestra amymone) |
| Dingy Purplewing (Eunica monima) |
| Florida Purplewing (Eunica tatila) |
| Mexican Bluewing (Myscelia ethusa) |
| Blackened Bluewing (Myscelia cyananthe) |
| Blue-eyed Sailor (Dynamine dyonis) |
| Tithian Sailor (Dynamine tithia) |
| Cramer's Eighty-eight (Diaethria clymena) |
| Mexican Eighty-eight (Diaethria asteria) |
| Anna's Eighty-eight (Diaethria anna) |
| Common Banner (Epiphile adrasta) |
| Gray Cracker (Hamadryas februa) |
| Orange Cracker (Hamadryas fornax) |
| Pale Cracker (Hamadryas amphichloe) |
| Glaucous Cracker (Hamadryas glauconome) |
| Black-patched Cracker (Hamadryas atlantis) |
| Variable Cracker (Hamadryas feronia) |
| Guatemalan Cracker (Hamadryas guatemalena) |
| Brownish Cracker (Hamadryas iphthime) |
| Red Cracker (Hamadryas amphinome) |
Tropical Brushfoots
(Biblidinae)| Orange Banner (Temenis laothoe) |
Leafwings
(Charaxinae)| One-spotted Prepona (Archaeoprepona demophon) |
| Seasonal Leafwing (Zaretis ellops) |
| Tropical Leafwing (Anaea aidea) |
| Florida Leafwing (Anaea troglodyta floridalis) |
| Goatweed Leafwing (Anaea andria) |
| Pointed Leafwing (Memphis eurypyle) |
| Red-striped Leafwing (Siderone galanthis) |
| Angled Leafwing (Memphis glycerium) |
| Forrer's Leafwing (Memphis forreri) |
| Pale-spotted Leafwing (Memphis pithyusa) |
| Chestnut Leafwing (Memphis echemus) |
Emperors
(Apaturinae)| Hackberry Emperor (Asterocampa celtis) |
| Empress Leilia (Asterocampa leilia) |
| Tawny Emperor (Asterocampa clyton) |
| Dusky Emperor (Asterocampa idyja) |
| Silver Emperor (Doxocopa laure) |
| Pavon Emperor (Doxocopa pavon) |
Morphos
(Morphinae)| White Morpho (Morpho polyphemus) |
| Orange Owl-Butterfly (Opsiphanes boisduvallii) |
| Common Morpho (Morpho helenor) |
| Split-banded Owl-Butterfly (Opsiphanes cassina) |
Satyrs and Wood-Nymphs
(Satyrinae)| Southern Pearly Eye (Enodia portlandia) |
| Northern Pearly Eye (Enodia anthedon) |
| Creole Pearly Eye (Enodia creola) |
| Dirty-blue Satyr (Cepheuptychia glaucina) |
| Plain Satyr (Cissia pompilia) |
| Eyed Brown (Satyrodes eurydice) |
| Appalachian Brown (Satyrodes appalachia) |
| Nabokov's Satyr (Cyllopsis pyracmon) |
| Canyonland Satyr (Cyllopsis pertepida) |
| Gemmed Satyr (Cyllopsis gemma) |
| Carolina Satyr (Hermeuptychia sosybius) |
| Hermes Satyr (Hermeuptychia hermes) |
| Georgia Satyr (Neonympha areolatus) |
| Helicta Satyr (Neonympha helicta) |
| Mitchell's Satyr (Neonympha mitchellii) |
| Little Wood Satyr (Megisto cymela) |
| Viola's Wood Satyr (Megisto viola) |
| Red Satyr (Megisto rubricata) |
| Pine Satyr (Paramacera xicaque) |
| White Satyr (Pareuptychia ocirrhoe) |
| Hayden's Ringlet (Coenonympha haydenii) |
| Common Ringlet (Coenonympha tullia) |
| Common Wood Nymph (Cercyonis pegala) |
| Great Basin Wood Nymph (Cercyonis sthenele) |
| Mead's Wood Nymph (Cercyonis meadii) |
| Small Wood Nymph (Cercyonis oetus) |
| Vidler's Alpine (Erebia vidleri) |
| Ross' Alpine (Erebia rossii) |
| Disa Alpine (Erebia disa) |
| Taiga Alpine (Erebia mancinus) |
| Magdalena Alpine (Erebia magdalena) |
| Mt. McKinley Alpine (Erebia mackinleyensis) |
| Banded Alpine (Erebia fasciata) |
| Red-disked Alpine (Erebia discoidalis) |
| Yellow-dotted Alpine (Erebia pawlowskii) |
| Four-dotted Alpine (Erebia youngi) |
| Erebia occulta (Erebia occulta) |
| Erebia lafontainei (Erebia lafontainei) |
| Reddish Alpine (Erebia kozhantshikovi) |
| Colorado Alpine (Erebia callias) |
| Common Alpine (Erebia epipsodea) |
| Red-bordered Satyr (Gyrocheilus patrobas) |
| Ridings' Satyr (Neominois ridingsii) |
| Wyoming Satyr (Neominois wyomingo) |
| Philip's Arctic (Oeneis philipi) |
| Polixenes Arctic (Oeneis polixenes) |
| Jutta Arctic (Oeneis jutta) |
| Melissa Arctic (Oeneis melissa) |
| Sentinel Arctic (Oeneis alpina) |
| White-veined Arctic (Oeneis bore) |
| Chryxus Arctic (Oeneis chryxus) |
| Alberta Arctic (Oeneis alberta) |
| Great Arctic (Oeneis nevadensis) |
| Macoun's Arctic (Oeneis macounii) |
| Uhler's Arctic (Oeneis uhleri) |
