Attributes of Hamadryas feronia
Variable Cracker
Hamadryas feronia (Linnaeus, 1758)
Family: Nymphalidae
Subfamily: Biblidinae
Identification: Upperside of forewing is brown and white, sometimes bluish, with a red bar in the cell; hindwing eyespots are each black with a white center, surrounded by a blue ring. Underside of hindwing is white or tan-white with submarginal black rings.
Wing Span: 2 7/8 - 3 1/4 inches (7.3 - 8.3 cm).
Life History: Adults perch on tree trunks head downward with their wings spread open, and males make a cracking noise when they fly. Before dark, adults gather on a single tree, then disperse to roost in nearby trees or shrubs.
Flight: Throughout the year in the tropics, July-December in South Texas.
Caterpillar Hosts: Vine Dalechampia in the family Euphorbiaceae.
Adult Food: Rotting fruit and other non-floral resources.
Habitat: Tropical forest edges, cutover second growth.
Range: Argentina and Brazil north through tropical America to Mexico. Strays to the lower Rio Grande Valley of South Texas.
Conservation: Not required for a rare stray.
NCGR: G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery.
Management Needs: None reported.
Taxonomy Notes:
The map below displays all verified sighting records in the BAMONA database for this species. Each record is indicated with a yellow dot. The orange dots on the map provide access to information about the 400 most recently verified sightings of this species. In some instances, there are several records at the same location. Use the table view to access these records.
Instructions: Click on the map and move your mouse to pan.
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The fifty most recently verified sightings are below. See more recently verified sightings of all species.
| Observation Date | Submitter | Region |
Verified Date |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
August 04, 2008 | sobrien | Darien Province, Panama | April 15, 2013 | Details |
| July 15, 1972 | legacy.reporter (W. & N. McGuire) | Hidalgo County, Texas, United States | March 09, 2010 | Details | |
| July 15, 1972 | legacy.reporter (W. & N. McGuire) | Hidalgo County, Texas, United States | October 19, 2009 | Details | |
| January 01, 1950 | legacy.reporter | Tamaulipas, Mexico | December 31, 2004 | Details | |
| January 01, 1950 | legacy.reporter | Coahuila De Zaragoza, Mexico | December 31, 2004 | Details | |
| January 01, 1950 | legacy.reporter | Nuevo Leon, Mexico | December 31, 2004 | Details | |
| January 01, 1950 | legacy.reporter | Sinaloa, Mexico | December 31, 2004 | Details | |
| January 01, 1950 | legacy.reporter | Hidalgo County, Texas, United States | December 31, 2004 | Details | |
| January 01, 1950 | legacy.reporter | Cameron County, Texas, United States | December 31, 2004 | Details |
